Jobpcrhttp://www.jobpcr.comJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research is an online international journal to promote all fields of Chemical Sciences like Organic Chemistry, Green Chemistry, Photochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry, Biochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Agricultural and Soil Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Macromolecular Chemistry, Petroleum Chemistry, Forensic Chemistry and Phytochemistry as well as all aspects of Chemical Engineering etc.
Evaluation of heavy metals deposition on selected agricultural products dried in local kitchens and roadsides, Wukari, Nigeria Journal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical ResearchJournal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical Research2394-30762023102 Bando Christopher Davidab*; Ikwebe Josephb; Imo chinedub; Jummai Adamu Tutuwac; Jesse Shingu Pollya; Imbasire Nuhua; Rejoice Habila Tadawasa; Odiba Emmanuel Ogua; Tsoken Danji Agbua Page No.1-19 1 Most agricultural products in Nigeria are often susceptible to environmental pollution due to anthropogenic activities and mode of preservation. As a case study, this work was aimed at evaluating the levels of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, As, Cd, Zn and Fe) depositions on selected agricultural products that are either stored at the rooftop of local Nigerian kitchens, sun-dried by roadsides or sun-dried away from local kitchens and roadsides. The selected agricultural samples (Zea mays, Manihot esculenta, Capsicum annuum, Solanum lycopersicum, Abelmoschus esculentus and Hibiscus sabdariffa) were sourced from Byepyi (Wukari Jalingo highway), Gindin waya (Wukari Ibi road) and Kente (Wukari Kente road). Heavy metal was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Generally, heavy metals depositions on the selected agricultural samples showed higher concentrations in samples stored at rooftops of local kitchens, compared to samples sun-dried by the roadsides and samples sun-dried under control conditions in the three locations. In Byepyi, heavy metal such as Pb, Hg, As, Cd, Fe levels were significantly higher (P0.05) in samples stored at rooftops of local kitchens. Slight change in the result trends was observed for Cu, which showed higher concentrations for samples sun-dried by roadsides. In Gindin waya, heavy metals such as Pb, As, Fe, Cu analytes levels were significantly higher (P0.05) in samples stored at rooftops of local kitchens, while Hg is at same level with samples sun-dried by the roadsides and Cd showed higher concentration in samples sun-dried by the roadsides. In Kente, levels of heavy metals such as Pb, Hg, As, Cd were significantly higher (P0.05) in samples stored at rooftop of local kitchens. Slight change in the trends was observed for Fe, Cu, which showed higher concentrations for samples sun-dried. The research showed appreciable levels of metallic contamination in selected agricultural products, although they were found to be below FAO/WHO permissible limits. Bioaccumulation of these food contaminants in humans could result to serious health problems. Keywords: AAS; Cadmium (Cd); Lead (Pb); Arsenic (As); Mercury (Hg); Chromium (Cr); Kitchens; Roadsides. http://www.jobpcr.com/archive-abs.php?arc=386http://www.jobpcr.com/archive/JOBPCR-2023-10-2-115-1-19.pdf
Investigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons deposition on selected agricultural products dried in local kitchens and roadsides, Wukari, Nigeria Journal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical ResearchJournal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical Research2394-30762023102 Bando Christopher Davidab*; Ikwebe Josephb; Imo chinedub; Jummai Adamu Tutuwac; Jesse Shingu Pollya; Odiba Emmanuel Ogua; Imbasire Nuhua; Tsoken Danji Agbua; Rejoice Habila Tadawasa Page No.20-38 1 Environmental pollution due to anthropogenic activities and mode of preservation has posed great menace on agricultural products. As a case study, this work was aimed to investigate the levels of heavy metals PAHs (Pyrene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Fluoranthene, Indo(1,2,3-cd)pyrene and Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene) depositions on selected agricultural products that are either stored at the rooftop of local Nigerian kitchens, sun-dried by roadsides or sun-dried away from local kitchens and roadsides. The selected agricultural samples (Zea mays, Manihot esculenta, Capsicum annuum, Solanum lycopersicum, Abelmoschus esculentus and Hibiscus sabdariffa) were sourced from Byepyi (Wukari Jalingo highway), Gindin waya (Wukari Ibi road) and Kente (Wukari Kente road). PAHs were determined using gas chromatography-spectrometry (GC-MS). Generally, PAHs depositions on the selected agricultural samples showed higher concentrations in samples stored at rooftop of local kitchens, compared to samples sun-dried by the roadsides and samples sun-dried under control conditions in the three locations. In Byepyi, PAHs such as; Pyrene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Fluoranthene, Indo(1,2,3-cd)pyrene levels were significantly higher (P0.05) in samples stored at rooftops of local kitchens. Slight change in the result trends was observed for Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, which showed higher concentrations for samples sun-dried by roadsides. In Gindin waya, PAHs analytes levels were significantly higher (P0.05) in samples stored at rooftops of local kitchens. In Kente, PAHs such as Pyrene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene and Indo(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, were significantly higher (P0.05) in samples stored at rooftops of local kitchens. Slight change in the trends was observed for Fluoranthene, Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, which showed higher concentrations for samples sun-dried. The research showed appreciable levels of metallic and PAHs contamination in selected agricultural products, although they were found to be below FAO/WHO permissible limits. Bioaccumulation of these food contaminants in humans could result to serious health problems. Keywords: GC-MS; Pyrene, Benzo(a)pyrene; Benzo(b)fluoranthene; Fluoranthene; Indo(1,2,3-cd)pyrene; Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene; Kitchens; Roadsides. http://www.jobpcr.com/archive-abs.php?arc=387http://www.jobpcr.com/archive/JOBPCR-2023-10-2-116-20-38.pdf
Evaluation of antihypertensive effect of Stellaria media and Beta vulgaris on Albino rats Journal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical ResearchJournal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical Research2394-30762023102 David, Ephraim Haruna1*, Choji, Solomon Samuel2, Ezeonu, Chukwuma Stephen1 and Yakubu, Ojochenemi E1. Page No. 39-49 1 This study was carried out to evaluateanti-hypertensive effect of aqueous extracts of Beta vulgaris (BV) (bulb) and Stellaria media (SM)(leaf) onAlbino rats. Fifty-five Albino rats were used and randomly distributed into eleven (11) groups of 5 animals each. Hypertension was induced in animals using 18% sodium chloride (NaCl) orally at the dose of 10 ml/kg. The animals were treated for 28 days before they were sacrificed. Under chloroform anaesthesia blood samples were collected in a plain tube from jugular vein for analysis. The mean blood pressure (BP) values on day 1 for both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in all groups were not significantly (p0.05) lower. As the treatments continued to day 28, SBP (119.671.15mmHg) and DBP (78.682.08mmHg) lowering effect of the extracts was the highest in group 10 (rat administered 300mg/kg BV + 150mg/kg SM) which was significantly (p0.05) lower from other groups, followed by group 6 (rats administered 450mg/kg BV) with SBP (120.330.577mmHg) and DBP (81.671.53mmHg). The BP lowering effect of the extracts were dosage and duration dependent with high dosage of BV giving the best BP lowering effect. High blood pressure inhibition may be associated with the presence of some phytochemicals in the extract such as Alkaloid, flavonoid and phenolics. The study showed that Stellaria media and Beta vulgaris extract were able to inhibit the development of hypertension. Different combinations and high single dosage administration of the different extracts at a given duration (28 days) gave desirable results in BP assays. Keywords: Hypertension, Blood pressure, Stellaria media, Beta vulgaris, phytochemicals http://www.jobpcr.com/archive-abs.php?arc=388http://www.jobpcr.com/archive/JOBPCR-2023-10-2-117-39-49.pdf
Evaluation of Fluoride levels in some selected local government of Taraba State Nigeria Journal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical ResearchJournal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical Research2394-30762023102 Omale Owoicho Precious1*, Adelagun A.O Ruth1, Oko Odiba John1 Page No.50-58 1 Water fluoridation has been considered a global environmental challenge in the past decade since most humans rely on water for their daily needs. The purpose of this study was to determine the fluoride concentrations in water sources in some parts of Taraba State, Nigeria. An aggregate of twenty-one (21) water samples were retrieved from different sources in twelve (12) diverse points within the study area and assessed for its physico-chemical composition with emphasis on fluoride content following standard field and laboratory procedures. Fluorides samples shows general concentration ranges from 0.49-3.57 mg/L. Zing, Yakoko and Monkin samples from Zing LGA recorded 3.57 mg/L, 3.15 mg/L and 2.15 mg/L respectively for well samples and 2.05 mg/L, 2.2 mg/L and 1.79 mg/L respectively for Hand dung borehole, similarly, Gulum and Kona water samples from Jalingo LGA recorded 2.7, 2.15 respectively for well samples and 1.8 mg/L, 1.7 mg/L borehole also1.63 mg/L, 1.65 mg/L, 1.66 mg/L for borehole,1.55 mg/L, 1.74 mg/L, 1.90 mg/L for well respectively. It was observed About 10% of the water samples complied with the minimum (0.5 mg/L) and maximum (1.5 mg/L) threshold values for fluoride in drinking water (WHO, 2017). About 86% of samples were found to exceed the maximum permissible limits, while 4% of the samples had fluoride concentrations lower than the minimum acceptable limit (0.5 mg/L). The results of the study showed that high fluoride concentrations in the water samples were due to the geological and chemical composition of the underlying deep aquifers as well as to contributions from anthropogenic activities such as the use of fertilizer and pesticides in the area Keywords: Water sources, Fluoride, Physicochemical, pollutants. http://www.jobpcr.com/archive-abs.php?arc=389http://www.jobpcr.com/archive/JOBPCR-10-2-2023-118-50-58.pdf
Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies of Synthesized Aluminum Acetylacetonate Journal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical ResearchJournal of Biological ,Pharmaceutical And Chemical Research2394-30762023102 Japhet, T.*, Ugye, J. T., Onen, A.I. and Abakpa A.M. Page No.59-69 1 Aluminum acetylacetonate was synthesized in an aqueous ammonia solution through the reaction of acetylacetone with aluminum sulfate. Both the ligand and synthesized complex were characterized using infrared and UV-visible spectroscopy. The antimicrobial properties of the complexes were evaluated using the disc diffusion method, and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal/Fungicidal Concentration (MBC/MFC) were also determined. The results indicated that the complexes had a high yield of 81.46%, exhibited high melting points ranging from 185 to 207C, and had low molar conductivity of 13.87 -1cm2mol-1. The complex was soluble in acetone, ethanol, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and dimethylformamide (DMF), but insoluble in hexane and water. In the infrared spectrum, significant changes were observed in the complex compared to the ligand, particularly a shift in the C=O peak from 1584.1 to 1520.8 cm1 after coordination. Acetylacetone exhibited maximum absorption at 329 nm, while the complex showed a shift to 343 nm in its electronic spectra. The complex exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against most microbes, with exceptions including Vancomycin resist enterococci, Klebsiella pneumonia, Helicobacter pylori and Proteus mirabilis. Aluminum acetylacetonate demonstrated superior antimicrobial activity against Methicillin resist Staph aureus, Campylobacter fetus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa when compared to the control drugs (Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole), highlighting its potential as an effective antimicrobial agent. Keywords: Characterization, Antimicrobial activity, Aluminum, Acetylacetone and Metal complex. http://www.jobpcr.com/archive-abs.php?arc=391http://www.jobpcr.com/archive/JOBPCR-10-2-2023-119-59-69.pdf